The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks - Essay Example Dr.Gey extracted some of the cells for his own research without Henrietta’s knowledge or consent. Soon, Henrietta died because of the rapid spread of her cancer. The very cells which Dr.Gey had procured became the immortal HeLa cells that are being used worldwide even today. The HeLa cells history is shrouded by a number of ethical issues. One of the very first ethical issues that I find really surprising is that the HeLa cell industry was a huge and profitable industry but Henrietta’s family were not entitled to any profits or shares. Henrietta’s cells were being commercially exploited by the researchers who made billions of dollars from it but Henrietta’s own family which was very poor, remained in that very state unaware of the riches that Henrietta’s cells were fetching others. This was purely unethical on the part of the researchers because they commercialized Henrietta’s cells without the knowledge or the approval of her husband or othe r family members. In fact Henrietta’s family did not even know about the existence of Henrietta’s cells. But, in the 1950’s no ethical guidelines and tissue ownership rules had been laid down. However, today we understand that commercialization of cells and tissues may be of great worth to the donors and we do have bioethical laws to protect the right of the donors. However, there are loopholes in the law which is evident from Moore’s case. Moore suffered from a very rare case of cancer- hairy leukemia, which was diagnosed by Dr.Golde but soon Golde understood that Moore’s body cells were very special. â€Å"Most cells are worth nothing individually, but Moore's were special. They produced several valuable proteins used to treat infections and cancer and carried a rare virus that might lead to treatments for H.I.V. (Skloot, 2006) and without informing Moore, Golde got a consent. Moore was unaware of his cell’s potential but soon got to know about it worth. However he lost the case because he had signed the consent form. The court however agreed that Golde should have had informed Moore about his intentions. This brings me to my second ethical issue- voluntary participation and consent. It the right of every human being to be informed about a research before he/she voluntarily participates in it. In Henrietta’s case, she had no choice of being a voluntary participant. Dr.Gey decided to extract and study the abnormal cells of Henrietta’s body. Lacks had no idea what Dr.Gey’s intentions were. Her doctor told her nothing about the cells and his personal wish to extract and study them. This was surely unethical because the tumorous cells belonged to Henrietta solely and Dr.Gey had no right to use them without the knowledge of Lacks. In case he did want to use her cells for investigation, he should have had explained the same to Henrietta and waited for her approval but instead he opted to extract the c ells all by himself making Henrietta an involuntary participant in his studies. Today, researchers are bound to inform everything about the intended research before asking the participant to take part in it. Here too, the decision of participation lies solely with the participant and the researchers have no say in it. The final ethical issue that struck me was that of â€Å"confidential identity†. It should be the duty and moral obligation on part of the researcher to safeguard the true

Proposal - short online course to training the faculty member how they Research

- short online course to training the faculty member how they can manage their online class - Research Proposal Example Indeed, in the current environment of advancing technology, online training hugely facilitates development of critical skills and knowledge. It provides a more innovative approach to education and acquisition of knowledge that can be adjusted to suit the needs and requirements of individuals. The role of faculty in online classes becomes important element of the success of the same. The proposal is for short training program for the faculty members of online courses so as to equip them with necessary skills to manage their online classes with high degree of efficiency 2. Problem statement The online training courses are major elements of constant learning environment that incorporates the demands of changing business compulsions. The online courses are distinct in their teaching methodologies that rely on digital communication vis-a-vis online conferencing techniques, email etc. The electronic interaction is much different to classroom communication. It requires multifunctional capab ilities that incorporate pedagogical skills like: effective learning processes that can be easily grasped by learners; creating comfortable learning environment; skills to resolve technical issues; and administrative knowledge that can explain the course logistics (Sargeant et al., 2006). Very often, the faculty members of online courses are not trained appropriately in the modalities of online classes. The working population and adult learners are therefore not able to exploit the vast potential of the same. Most importantly, the spatial features of learning environment and medium are crucial factors that influence the learning process. In online courses, the multimedia becomes the key component that is exploited judiciously by the teacher to make course curricula interesting, powerful and highly motivating (Sims, 2003). The efficacy of online teaching is considerably increased when teaching skills are integrated judiciously with managerial skills and use of technology. As such, it becomes essential to impart training to the faculty members to make them more effective online teachers. 3. Objectives 1. One week training course on management skills as required for online courses to equip them with the methodologies of electronic communication techniques. 2. To make online classes more effective and motivating. 3. Managing workload of teaching online. 4. Program description/ design framework The design framework of course is important for increasing the core competencies of the participants and equipping them with skills that add value to their knowledge and teaching skills. The various approaches to instructional designs offer effective teaching under different environment and medium of instructions. The training program would use ADDIE framework or Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation structure. Its stepwise approach helps the teachers to develop easy and iterative instructions which can be applied to real life situations, thus making t hem hugely relevant to the learners (Peterson, 2003). The ADDIE design process promotes active participation of the learners that exploits tacit knowledge of the learners and helps them apply critical thinking to resolve problems or look at problems from wider perspectives of creative advantages (Tee & Karney, 2010). The five stages are described as below: 4.1a. Analysis This part of the program is intended to identify and evaluate the needs of the learners so

Questionnaire or Interview on Effects of Substance Abuse on Prisoners Assignment

Questionnaire or Interview on Effects of Substance Abuse on Prisoners in Austin, Texas - Assignment Example In doing this, the study focuses on establishing the reasons for the prevalence of substance abuse in Austin prisons as everything has its own cause. This is what will be used to determine the negative impacts on prisoners despite the existence of rehabilitation and treatment centers to take care of drug users. The questionnaire addresses all issues related to the effects of drug abuse on prisoners in Austin. Introduction Substance or drug abuse is a pattern of harmful and injurious use of drugs for purposes of altering one’s mood. According to Chang (2010), substance abuse refers to the consumption of illicit drugs for purposes that are meant to interfere with the normal mental condition of a person. Substance abuse is prevalent among many prisons in the modern world. There has been an increase in the rates of substance abuse in Austin prisons (Texas Statistical Report, 2012). This has been due to the fact that many prisoners want to forget their situation of being locked up in an institution with no freedom of movement. They, however, do not consider the long-term effects that substance abuse imposes on their lives as they are only focused on the short-term impacts, which in this case, is the altering of the normal condition. They do not consider the health and economic challenges that they incur later as a result of substance abuse. These conditions alter their social way of lives in one way or the other. Objectives of the study Specific objective I. To establish the effects of substance abuse on prisoners in Austin, Texas Other objectives I. To determine the prevalence of drug abuse in Austin prisons II. To determine the challenges faced by relatives of drug abusers in Austin Hypothesis I. Ho: there is no relationship between a weak criminal justice system and prevalence of substance use in prisons. H1: there is a relationship between a weak criminal justice system and prevalence of substance use in prisons. II. H: drug-related offenses influence dru g abuse in Austin prisons H1: drug-related offenses do not influence drug abuse in Austin prisons III. Ho: there is no relationship between negative effects on substance abusers and challenges to relatives of substance abusers H1: there is a relationship between negative effects on substance abusers and challenges to relatives of substance abusers A Questionnaire on Effects of substance abuse on prisoners in Austin, Texas SECTION A Personal Details 1. What is your name? (Optional) 2. What is your age? A. Below 18 years B. 18-30 years C. 31-40 years D. 41-50 E. Above 50 3. What is your education level? A. Primary B. Secondary C. Tertiary D. None 4. What is your religion? 5. What was the reason for your incarceration? Explain Possible answers to this question could be drug-related offenses or other offenses that may lead to incarceration. Jennifer et al. (2012), notes that drug abuse is implicated in three kinds of offenses related to drug. That is offenses related directly to drug ab use such as theft to get money for drugs, offenses defined by drug sale or possession, and offences related to a way of life that disposes an individual (substance abuser) to engage in unlawful activities. This may take the form of associating with other lawbreakers or with illegitimate markets. Therefore, most of the responses from interviewees on this question could be that they were imprisoned because of directly drug-related directly offenses.

The Impact of the First World War Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6000 words

The Impact of the First World War - Assignment Example   The fear of a German uprising was no longer in the minds of the French as all the land that Germany was required to hand over was returned; the most important regions being Alsace and Lorraine. Germany's army was downsized to a maximum of 100,000 men; they were denied the use of tanks. The air force was disbanded and the navy was only allowed to staff and operate six ships; however, no submarines were allowed to remain operational. The land fifty kilometers east of the Rhine was pronounced a demilitarised zone, where no soldier with a weapon could enter. Overseas land previously owned by Germany was given to different European countries. The Saar, Danzig, and Memel were put under the control of the League of Nations. One of the more important outcomes was the "War Guilt Clause" that required Germany to take on full responsibility for starting the war. This was important as it would show the world France's reason for participation in the war was only to defend against the German attacks. This also meant that Germany would have to pay reparations to France for the physical damage caused during the war. Clemenceau was the most satisfied out of the three leaders with the humiliation of Germany, and France now found new power in the world. Wilson was very pleased because as a result of the Paris Peace Conference his vision of the League of Nations had become a reality. The League would make it possible to solve conflicts all over the world in a peaceful manner, displaying Wilson's desire for worldwide peace. He said as much: "To promote international co-operation and to achieve international peace and security." (Wilson) The cost of creating the League was losing his other 13 original ideology points to gain the global support that was necessary to start the League and make it a success. As the post-war world was in the struggle of finding peace, there were a lot of countries intrigued by the international organization that promised to bring world peace. Wilson was of a peace-loving nature and was clearly angered by the great number of restrictions that Germany had to agree to in the Treaty as well as all the reparations they had to make. The harsh conditions that were imposed on Germany embarrassed and shamed Wilson. Nevertheless, he was very satisfied with the start of the League of Nations. One fact to be noted is that reparations to the United States were not mandated in the Treaty. It is true that the losses of the United States were not on the same scale as Britain and France because of their late entrance into the war. Lloyd-George was perhaps the least satisfied with the final terms of the treaty because of Clemenceau's persistence to bankrupt the German economy.  Ã‚  

Acquainted with the Night and the oil painting Nighthawks Assignment

Acquainted with the Night and the oil painting Nighthawks - Assignment Example The essay "Acquainted with the Night and the oil painting Nighthawks" discovers the Robert Frost's poem â€Å"Acquainted with the Night† and the oil painting of Edward Hopper titled, â€Å"Nighthawks.† The images in the poem revolve around the theme. The night, rain, his aloofness, and solitary walking towards the â€Å"furthest city lane† all lead readers to imagine the loneliness and isolation of the man. There is no mention of company, relationships, etc. Only a watchman, whom the persona ignores, is mentioned in the poem. His isolation is strongly expressed by the pronoun â€Å"I† at the start of each line in the first stanza. Noticeably, seven out of fourteen lines of the poem start with â€Å"I.† This recurrence of the reference to the persona strongly suggests his isolation. In â€Å"Nighthawks,† the theme of shadow and solitude is also reflected as the scene is set at night. Shadow is literally cast on the background and the idea of s uffering may be felt with the forlorn gesture of one customer in the diner. The man who sits alone on the left seems to represent the persona in Frost’s poem. He displays the same solitariness expressed by the persona. He wears a blue coat and hat, drinks alone, and refuses to talk to the other figures. Like the persona in the poem, he submits to shadow. In contrast, the other figures seem to be enjoying each other’s company. Therefore, unlike the poem that centers on the theme of shadow and solitude, the painting also hints on the brighter side of life. The light in the diner agrees.

Customer Service Operations Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Customer Service Operations - Term Paper Example In order to carry out qualitative research into the issue, the essay will follow an investigative mode. In this regard, the paper will be based on the case study of ICICI which is a leading bank in Asia, with a strong focus on enhancing its international base as well. It started to operate under the name ICICI in 1994 and has gone on to become the second largest bank in India. (www.icici.com) My choice for this bank came from the fact that globalization is a major trend that has put various countries on the map in terms of trends and customer satisfaction. With a bank like ICICI, it will be easier to study progress from the perspective of a developing bank in terms if it model of customer support systems. In this regard, the literature I have made use of is exhaustive. To begin with, there are texts on customer satisfaction like A Chakrabarty's paper titled Barking up the wrong tree - Factors influencing customer satisfaction in retail banking in UK. This paper has important methodologies that are imperative for the measurement of customer satisfaction. Further, the Cruickshank Report is another important work by Don Cruickshank, which was published in March 2000, for the HM Treasury. This paper is important to the basic structure in terms of its notes on customer satisfaction and rising competition in this sector. In this regard, Morris' paper on the same theme is both a criticism as well as a summation of this paper which further helped evolve the conception and strategies for customer satisfaction i

Huffman Trucking Essay Example for Free

Huffman Trucking Essay Huffman Trucking is a large organization that provides transportation of goods and services to its customers. In order to better serve these customers and to compete and stay at a high level above other suppliers, Huffman Trucking management enlisted the assistance of Team B to upgrade their companies systems to be able to create, maintain, and report on a database, which tracks the servicing of Huffman Trucking vehicles. Huffman Trucking has a number of business needs that should be met. The system should not require more than a few days of supervision to learn. It should be usable on modestly priced computer systems. Most of all, it should be simple and convenient for the users. The current system is not meeting business objectives because they are not able to tracks the servicing of the vehicles at Huffman Trucking. Huffman employees usually scan alphabeticly for vehicles . This is a fairly simple procedure if the exact name of the vechilce is available. However, many new employes may only know the few words of the vechile type. A tracked vehicle could possibly be misfiled, which requires a full stock review to find it. With the new shipment of vechicles need maintanes every month, it is close to impossible for a counter employee memorize Project Requirements There are two different types of requirements for this project. One is the technical requirements of the chosen database system and another is the business requirements of the Huffman Trucking. The business requirements  define the boundaries. Starting college can be like entering an entirely new world. You have more freedom than youve ever had before and you are in total control over your own life. This increased responsibility however can make you susceptible to some serous pitfalls. Read the following article to learn what habits to avoid in order to have a successful college career. Business Accounting Project Overview Huffman Trucking is a large organization that provides transportation of goods and services to its customers. In order to better serve these customers and to compete and stay at a high level above other suppliers, Huffman Trucking management enlisted the assistance of Team B to upgrade their companies systems to be able to create, maintain, and report on a database, which tracks the servicing of Huffman Trucking vehicles. Huffman Trucking has a number of business needs that should be met. The system should not require more than a few days of supervision to learn. It should be usable on modestly priced computer systems. Most of all, it should be simple and convenient for the users. The current system is not meeting business objectives because they are not able to tracks the servicing of the vehicles at Huffman Trucking. Huffman employees usually scan alphabeticly for vehicles . This is a fairly simple procedure if the exact name of the vechilce is available. However, many new employes may only know the few words of the vechile type. A tracked vehicle could possibly be misfiled, which requires a full stock review to find it. With the new shipment of vechicles need maintanes every month, it is close to impossible for a counter employee memorize Project Requirements There are two different types of requirements for this project. One is the technical requirements of the chosen database system and another is the  business requirements of the Huffman Trucking. The business requirements define the boundaries in which the project team has room to operate in. Huffman requires that the new system be relatively inexpensive with little ongoing maintenance required. The new system should not require many hours of training in order to use. The new system should also be usable  gout of the box. h Given these business requirements.